Gill-drawing frame



Nov. 3, 1942. w, QSWOR TH 2,300,786.

GILL-DRAWING FRAME Filed Oct 17, 1940 s Sheets-Sheet 2 MzZaz-q wzpezewvzozzz ay v.2

Nov. 3, 194

HOLDSWORTH 2,300,736 QG'ILL-DRAWING FRAME Filed Oct". 17, 1940 s S heets-Sheet 5 Patented Nov. 3, 1942 UNlTED STATES GEL-DRAWING FRAME Willie Holdsworth, Seekonk, Mass- Application October 17, v1940, Serial No. 361,587

6' Claims.

This invention relates to gill-drawing frames or like machines and consists in improvements in the construction and arrangement of the means for transferring the faller-bars from one set of gill-screws to another set.-

The invention relates particularly to gill-drawing frames or gill-boxes of the so-called French or Swiss type in which two opposite sets of faller-bars are arranged with their teeth or pins intersecting and adapted to be traversed through the fibers in one direction and then returned at the end of their stroke to repeat the traverse to provide for the continuous operation of the teeth on the material. 7

One of the objects of the invention is to provide transfer cams of a width at their outer ends at least equal to or greater than the widthof the ends of the faller-bars engaged thereby to insure full support of the bars during transfer.

Another object of the invention is to provide means for attaching the transfer cam to the end of the gill-screw in such manner as will provide clearance for the radial arms and lobes of the cam on the adjacent gill-screw and so shaped as to form a guide for the faller-bars at the end of their traverse StIOkE- Another object of the invention is to provide interlocking tongues and grooves on the opposite sides of the cam and the end of the gill-screw and attaching means for preventing relative ro tation of the parts.

Still another object of the invention is to provide an improved construction and arrangement of the mechanism of gill-drawing frames to improve the operation thereof and reduce wear. and

prevent breakage of the parts.

Further objects of the improvement are set forth in the following specification which describes a preferred form of construction of the invention, by way of example, as illustrated by A the accompanying drawings. In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a side elevational View of the two pairs of cooperating gill-screws at one side of the machine showing the arrangement of their journals and the gears which connect them to be driven in unison from the shaft or spindle of the bottom screw;

Fig. 2 is an end elevational view of the pairs of gill-screws illustrated in Fig. 1 showing the cam on the upper gill-screw of the lower pair as operating to transfer a faller-bar into engagement with the return screw and illustrating one of the lobes of the adjacent cam as moving across the reduced portion between the lobes of the operating cam; I 7

Fig. 3 is a view'similar to Fig. 2 showing the cam on the lower gill-screw. of the upper pair as operating to transfer afaller-bar to the upper return screw; p

Fig. 4 is an enlarged detailed view oftheupper pair of gill-screws illustratedin Fig. 3 showing the faller-bar as being lifted by one ofthe lobes of the cam into engagement with the return screw;

Fig. 5 is a partsectional view taken onxline 55 of Fig. 4 showing thefaller-bar tilted to aline its end with the groove of the return screw while being supported on the face of. the cam lobe; 1 .T'.

Fig. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view of one of the gill-screws for advancing the faller-bars showing the keys on the opposite sides of the cam in looking engagement with the keyways or slots in the end of the screw and the head of the attaching bolt i Fig. 7 is a transverse sectional view taken. on

line of Fig. 'Gshowing theiinterlockingengagement of the keys and slots of adjacent parts; Fig. 8 is a. side view of the inner side of the cam showing the recess therein and the radiallyextending keys; 1 r

Fig. 9 is an end viewof the gill-screw showing the keyway or slot for receiving the keyson the inner side of the cam; I i

Fig. 10 is a transverse sectional view through the attaching bolt showing the keyways or slots on the inside face ofits head; and I a 11 is a View of the outer face of thec'am showing the recess therein for receiving the head of the attaching bolt and the' keys for interlocking engagement with the slots in the head.

In gill-drawing frames of the so-called French or Swiss type the two sets of (opposed faller-bars are arranged in staggered relationship with their teeth or needles penetrating into the material from opposite directions to form a double comb for traverse through the fibers to straighten and lay them in parallelism. The faller-bars rest on horizontal saddles and are slid longitudinally therealong by means of traverse screws which engage the end portions of the bars. At theend of their operative traverse stroke the taller-bars are engaged by'the lobes at the ends of radiallyextending arms of cams on the ends of the-gillscrews which act to raise or lower the faller bars of the opposite sets into engagement with return screws above and belowthe advancing screws.

in such gill-drawing frames the parts must be arranged in as compact a relationship as possible to retain the teeth of the faller-bars in continuous engagement with the material to be treated until the very end of their forward or working stroke, at which point the material is engaged by nipper-rolls. At the end of the forward stroke of the faller-bars their ends engage the inside faces of the heads of the bolts which attach the cams to the gill-screws to guide the ends of the faller-bars as they are transferred by the cams. The heads of the attaching bolts seat in recesses in the outer sides of the cams so that they may engage the ends of the fallerbars at the proper time and this arrangement further permits the nipper-rolls to 'be positioned as closely as possible to the end of the stroke of the faller-bars.

In the prior art machines the faces at the outer ends of the cam lobes are cut away at one side to provide a clearance recess for the head of the attaching bolt on the adjacent gill-screw. As a result of the clearance recesses in the lobes of the cams the faces of the lobes at their outer ends do not provide sufiicient bearing surface to insure adequate support of the faller-bars during their transfer. As a faller-bar is transferred to the return screw it assumes a laterally inclined or tilted position to aline its ends with the threads of the screw and due to wear of the screw threads or other parts the faller-bars sometimes tilt at such an angle as to become disengaged from the relatively narrow face of the cam. When this condition occurs the taller-bar is not lifted sufficiently to clear the saddle or cam as it is moved rearwardly by the return screw causing the faller-bar to become jammed in the machine with resultant breakage of the parts.

In accordance with the present invention the faces at the outer ends .of the cam lobes are of a width at least equal or greater than the width of the ends of the faller-bars engaged thereby to insure adequate support of the latter during transfer. The present invention also contemplates the provision of heads on the cam attaching bolts of such dimensions as to form a guide for the ends of the faller-bars at the end of their forward stroke while at the same time pro viding clearance for the lobes of the cam on the adjacent screw whereby the cam faces may be made sufficiently wide toinsure adequate support of the faller-bars during transfer. present invention also contemplates a novel construction of faller-cam having laterally projecting ribs or keys on their opposite sides for looking engagement with key-ways or slots in the end of the screw and the head of the attaching bolt to securely hold the parts against relative rotation.

Fig. .1 of the drawings illustrates the arrangement of the traversing mechanism of a French or Swiss type gill-drawing frame such as disclosed in my prior United States Letters Patent No. 1,876,936, issued September 13, 1932. As the present invention relates more particularly to the construction and arrangement of the means for transferring the faller-bars from one screw to another the machine in general is herein described only in-brief as an enviromnent for the present invention. It will be understood, however, that the transverse means shown in Fig. 1 hasits duplicate at the opposite side of the machine.

In the present type of gill-drawing frame the two opposite sets of faller-bars 2 and 3, shown in Fig; 2, are arranged with their pins intersecting to adapt them to be traversed; inpthe sameidirec- The tion during their working stroke and then returned in the opposite direction at a different level to be once more traversed in the first direction. The traversing motion of the faller-bars 2 and 3 is accomplished by two pairs of traverse screws 4, 5 and 6, 1 at each side of the machine arranged with the threads of the screws engaging the ends of the bars to slide them on their horizontal saddles or rests designated 8, 9, Hi and H. Fig. 1 illustrates the traverse screws at one side of the machine only, the two intermediate screws 4 and 6 being employed for traversing the opposite sets of bars 2 and 3, shown in Fig. 2, during their working stroke after which the bars are transferred to the lower and upper screws 5 and 1, respectively, to be traversed in the opposite direction and transferred back to the first-mentioned screws. The lower pairs of screws 4 and 5 operate on one set of bars 2 and the upper pair 6 and 1 on the bars 3 of the other other set. The intermediate screws 4 and 6 have threads of relatively fine pitch to traverse the bars with a relatively slow movement during their operative stroke while the bottom screw 5 of the lower pair and the top screw I of the upper pair have coarser threads of longer lead to traverse the bars at a faster rate through their return stroke.

The several screws 4, 5, 6 and I are journaled in bearing blocks I2 and I4 formed as a part of, or attached to, the side frame of the machine and the bottom screw 5 of the lower pair is usually constituted as a driving shaft for the other screws. As herein illustrated the bottom screw 5 is constructed integral with a shaft or spindle l3 adapted to be driven from any suitable source of power. The screw 5 carries a spur gear I! meshing with a similar gear IS on its companion screw 4 and the gear E8 in turn meshes with a similar gear [9 on the next adjacent up per screw 6, while the gear l'9 meshes with a gear 20 on the uppermost screw 1. In this manner the four screws 4, 5, 6 and Iv are connected to be driven together in unison. It will be observed that the'intermediate screws 4 and 6 turn in opposite directions but their threads are of opposite hand to traverse the two sets of fallerbars 2 and 3 forwardly in the same direction or to the right as viewed in Fig. l. The bottom screw '5 of the lower pair and the top screw 1 of the upper pair also turn in opposite directions to that of their associated screws 4 and 6 and have threads of opposite hand to traverse the faller-bars through their return movement.

The faller-bars 2 and 3 slide on their fixed saddles 8, 9, l0 and II during their traverse in opposite directions and cams are provided at the ends of the screws for transferring the bars from one screw to another. As illustrated and described more in detail inmy prior patent, hereinbefore referred to, the screw 4 has a cam 22 at its right-hand endas viewed in Fig.1 for successively shifting the faller-bars 2 down across the end of the saddle 8 at the completionof their working stroke to the right, whereby to engage them with the threads of the bottom screw 5 which traverses them back in the opposite direction. At the lefthand end of the bottom screw 5 is a cam 23 which acts on the bars 2 to lift them off the saddle 9 and transfer themback into engagement with the threads of the screw 4. The screws 6 and I have similar cams 24. and 25 at their opposite ends, the cam 24 acting to raise the faller-bars 3 upwardly across theend-of the saddle H to engage them with the threads of the screw 1 and -the cam 25 on the screw '1 operating to carry the fallerbars '3 down into the leading end of thethreads of the screw 6 after the bars have been returned from the end of their opposite stroke.

The several traverse screws rotate in unison at the same rate of speed and the two intermediate screws 4 and 6 which traversethe bars 2 and 3 during their operative stroke have their thread grooves so arranged that the opposite sets of faller-bars are advanced in staggered relation-' ship during their traverse. That is to say, the opposite faller-bars 2 and 3 of the lower and upper sets, instead of being arranged in line with each other, are set in staggered relationship or one slightly in advance of the other. It will also be observed by reference to Figs. 2 and 3 of the drawings that the teeth on the opposed fallerbars 2 and 3 are arranged in staggered or offset relationship longitudinally of the bars. Due to this arrangement the teeth on the opposite bars intersect to adapt them to be drawn through the fibers to provide a double combing action. The faller-bars 2 and 3 are of conventional type having a relatively narrow central bridge-portion 26 with enlarged ends 21, the extremities 28 of which are of reduced width and inclined with respect to the vertical to adapt them to slide freely in the helical grooves on the traverse screws.

The cams 22 and 24 on the intermediate screws 4 and 6 for depressing the faller-bars 2 of the lower set and raising the faller-bars 3 ofthe upper set are of similar form having oppositely extending radial arms 29, and 3|, 32, respectively, with the arms on the adjacent cams arranged at right-angles to each other, see Fig. 2. Thus, the cams 22 and 24 act alternately at each one-quarter revolution of the screws 4 and 6, the cam 22 functioning to depress one of the faller-bars 2 and the cam 24 to raise a faller-bar 3 as they are advanced to the end of their stroke in staggered relationship. The cams 23 and 25 at the opposite ends of the screws 5 and I are of a suitable construction for transferring the sets of faller-bars 2 and 3 back into engagement with the screws 4 and 5.

The construction of the gill-screws 4 and 6 is generally similar to that illustrated and described in my prior Patent No. 1,635,181 for Gill-screw, issued July 12, 1927, and as both intermediate screws are of the same construction it will be suffi cient to describe one of them. Asillustrated in Fig. 6 of the present drawings the gill-screw 6 has an axial bore and the cam 24 is clamped against the end of the screw by means of a bolt 33 extending through the bore in the screw and having a head 34 engaging the outer side of the cam. A hub portion 31 of the screw 5 is journaled in a bearing 39 in the bearing-block I4 of the frame and the gear |9 is mounted on the reduced end 38 of the screw and held rotatively thereto by means of a stud 40. The parts are held in assembled relationship by means of a nut 4| on the projecting threaded end of the bolt 33, the nut being set up against a washer 42 abutting the face of the gear If] to draw the head 34 against the outside face of the cam 24. A look nut 43 is usually set up against the nut 4| to prevent loosening of the bolt in the screw. As thus far described the gill-drawing frame is not materially different from that illustrated and described in my prior patent hereinbefore referred to. In accordance with the present invention the cam 24 illustrated in Figs. 3 and 4 is of S shape in general outline having a central hub 45 from which thearms 3| and '32 extend radially and terminate in enlarged forwardly-projecting lobes 46 and 41. The marginal edges of the hub 45 of the cam 24 are curvedto correspond to the curvature of the root of the. thread of the gillscrew 6 and the edges then extend outwardly along the arms 3| and 32 to the forwardly projecting lobes 46 and 4'! terminating in the leading faces 44. The leading face 44 of each cam lobe 43 and 41 is substantially straight and rounds outwardly into the outer periphery of the arms 3| or 32 following an arc concentric with the axis of the cam. The trailing face of each cam lobe 46 and 4'! extends from the outer periphery of its arm 3| or 32 on a rearwardly inclined straight line joining a line tangent to the curved portion of the hub 45. e

The inner face of the cam 24 has a circular recess 48, see Fig. 8, of somewhat larger diameter than that of the screw 6 and a central bore 49 through which the shank of the bolt 33 extends. A pair of'ribs or keys 5B and 5| extend radially from opposite sides of the bore 49 in the cam 24. The outer side of the cam 24 has a circular recess 52 of the same diameter as the head 34 of the attaching bolt 33, see Fig. 11', and is also provided with ribs or keys 53 and 54 extending radially from its central bore 49. The outer end of the gill-screw 6 has a diametrical slot or keyway 56 adapted to receive the ribs or keys 50 and 5| on the inner face of the cam 24 to connect the cam for rotation with the screw as a unit, see Figs. 6, 7 and 9. The head 34 of the bolt 33 is also provided with radial slots or keyways 51 and 58 for receiving the ribs or keys 53 and 54 on the outer face of the cam 24, see Figs. 6, 7 and 10. Thus, when the bolt 33 is drawn through the gill-screw B by means of the nut 4| the head 34 of the bolt will be seated in the circular recess 52 and the cam held tightly against the end of the screw.

The interlocking engagement of the keys 55 and 5| with-the slot 56 in the end of the screw and the keys 53 and 54 with the slots 51 and 58 in the head 34 of the bolt 33 thus act to hold the parts against relative rotation.

The cam 22 on the adjacent-gill-screw 4 is generally similar to the cam 24 described above and has the same construction for interlocking engagement with the end of its screw and the head 34 of the attaching bolt 33. As stated above, the arms 29 and 3B of the cam 22 are arranged at an angle of ninety degrees to the arms 3| and 32 of the cam 24 and the gill-screw 4 rotates in the opposite direction from the gillscrew 6. The lobes 59 and 60 at the outer ends of the arms 29 and 30 of the cam 22 therefore project in opposite directions from the lobes 43 and 41 on the arms 3| and 32 of the cam 24 to give the cam the outline of a reversed S. The leading faces 6! on the cam lobes 59 and 50 of the cam 22 are of the same contour as the leading faces 44 on the lobes 46 and 41 of the cam 24. Thus, during the operation of the machine one of the lobes 46 or 41 of the cam'24 will pass by the periphery of the hub 45 of the cam 22 while one of the lobes 59 or 60 is operative to transfer a faller-bar 2, and vice versa.

'As one feature of improvement in the present invention th lobes 46, 4'! and 59, 33 of the cams 24 and 22 may be equal to or of greater width than the Width of the ends of the faller-bars 2 or 3 engaged thereby whereby to insure a more complete and effective support of the faller-bars during their transfer. To provide clearance. for the lobes 59, 60 and 46, 4'! at the outer ends of the arms 29, 3|] and 3|, 32 of the earns 22 and 24 on the adjacent screws 4 and 6 the heads 34 of the bolts 33 are of considerably smaller diameter than the heads of the bolts heretofore used. The head 34 of each of the bolts 33, however, projects radially outward beyond the curved portions of the hubs 45 of the cam 22 or 24 to provide a guiding surface engageable with the ends of the faller-bars 2 or 3 as they are advanced by the screws 4 or 6 to guide the ends of the fallers onto the leading face 44 or 6| of the lobes of the cams. In other words, the head 34 of each bolt 33 is of greater diameter than the root of the screw to which it is connected whereby to provide a guide for the faller-bars as they emerge from the end thread of the screw. Thus the present improved construction permits the use of faller-cams having relatively wide faces at their outer ends for more effective engagement with the taller-bars.

One preferred form of the invention having now been described in detail the mode of operation of the complete machine is explained as follows: The gill-screw is rotated in clockwise direction as viewed in Fig. 2, being driven from its shaft extension |3 connected to any suitable source of power. Rotation of the gear I! fast on the gill-screw 5 drives the train of meshing gears |8, I9 and 2|] on the gill-screws 4, 6 and 1 and thereby causes the adjacent screws to be rotated in opposite directions. The threads of the gillscrews 4, 5, 6 and I are of such hand that the adjacent screws 4 and 6 traverse the faller-bars 2 and 3 of the two opposite sets to advance them toward the right as viewed in Fig. 1, while the lower screw 5 and upper screw 1 traverse the faller-bars rearwardly or toward the left as viewed in Fig. 1.

As the faller-bars 2 and 3 of the opposite sets are arranged in staggered relationship longitudinally of the machine they reach the end of their stroke in alternate relationship to be transferred to their respective return screws 5 and 1. When a faller-bar 3, for example, comes to the end of its forward stroke the arms 3| and 32 of each cam 24 at opposite sides of the frame are in vertical arrangement with their reduced hubs 45 in alinement with the ends 23 of the faller-bar. Thus, the faller-bar 3 may continue to be advanced by the opposite screws 6 until its inclined ends 28 engage the inside faces of the heads 34 of the bolts 33 which project radially beyond, the hubs 45 of the cams 24. The ends 28 of the faller-bar 3 are thus guided by the heads 34 of the bolts 33 to cause them to be engaged by the lobes 41 of the cams 24 as the latter are rotated with the gill-screws 6 and to be lifted in the manner illustrated in Figs. 3 and 4. During the lifting of the faller-bar 3 by the lobes 4'! of the cams 24 it is guided on one side by the ends of the saddles I I, see Fig. ,5, and on its opposite side by suitable conductor-bars illustrated by dash lines. When the faller-bar 3 has been raised to the position illustrated in Fig. 5 the ends of the grooves of the threads on the gill-screws 1 are in position to engage the inclined ends 28 of the faller-bar. Simultaneously with the rearward movement of the faller-bar 3 by its engagement with the threads of the gill-screws it is lifted by the lobes 41 of the cams 24 until its bottom edge is in alinement with the inclined end of the saddle II.

It will be observed by reference to Fig. 5 that due to the pitch of the threads on the gill-screws the faller-bar 3 is caused to be tilted as it is raised into engagement with the screws. With the present improved construction of the cams 22 and24 the leading faces 44 or 6| of the lobes 46, 41 or 59, 6|] which engage the faller-bars 2 or 3 are wider than the latter to insure adequate support for the bars at all times during their transfer. It will also be observed that during the rotation of the cam 24 from the position illustrated in Fig. 2 to that illustrated in Fig. 3 the arms 29 and 30 of the cam 22 on the adjacent gill-screw 4 will have rotated from a horizontal poistion to a vertical position. Because of the novel construction and arrangement of the heads 34 of the bolts 33 the outer ends of the arms 29,36 and 3|, 32 of the cams 22 and 24 are permitted to pass by the bolt-heads without intereference therewith thus adapting the faces 44 and 6| of the lobes 46, 41 and 59, 6|] to be made substantially wider than the cam lobes in all prior art constructions.

It will be understood that the faller-bars 2 are advanced by the gill-screws 4 in the manner as explained above and due to the rotation of the screws 4 in the opposite direction from the screws 6 the lobes 59 and 60 of the cam 22 operate to depress the faller-bars 2 into engagement with the return screw 5. When the fatherbars 2 and 3 have reached the end of their return stroke they are engaged by the cams 23 and 25 at the left-hand ends of the screws 5 and I, as viewed in Fig. l, and transferred back into engagement with the gill-screws 4 and 6 in the usual manner.

Due to the present improved construction of the cams 22 and 24 the keys 50, 5| interlock with the slot 56 in the end of the gill-screw 4 or 6 and the keys 53, 54 interlock with the slots 51, 58 on the inside faces of the heads 34 of the bolts 33 to hold the latter against rotation while the nut 4| is being tightened to draw the head against the cam and the cam against the end of the screw. Thus, when the nut 4| is tightened on the threaded end of the bolt 33 the cam 22 or 24 is held properly positioned on the end of the gill-screw 4 or 6 and the bolt 33'held against movement which might tend to loosen it in the bore of the screw. In other words, the interlocking engagement of the keys 5|], 5| and 53, 54 on oppositesides of the cam 22 or 24 engaging with the slot 56 in the end of the gill-screw and the slots 51 and 58 in the head 34 of the bolt 33 holds the parts against relative rotation and guards against any turning movement of the bolt which might loosen the nut 4|.

It will be observed from the foregoing specification that the present invention provides an improved construction and arrangement of elements in a gill-drawing frame of the French or Swiss type to insure adequate support of the faller-bars during their transfer while providing clearance for the lobes of the cams on adjacent screws without cutting away their outer faces as in the prior art constructions. Where the outer faces of the cams are cut away, as heretofore considered necessary to provide clearance for the heads of the attaching screws, and due to the canted position of the bars they are liable to slide across the edges of the cams and drop down and jam, thereby causing breaking of the bars, the cams and the ends of the threads of the screws.

It will be observed further that the present invention provides an improved construction for attaching the cams to the gill-screws which acts to hold the attaching bolt against rotation while the .clamping nut is being tightened on its threaded end or thereafter and thus positively secures all of the elements against relative rotation.

While a preferred form of gill-drawing frame incorporating the novel features of the present invention is herein illustrated and described, it will be understood that modifications may be made in the form and arrangement of its parts without departing from the spiirt or scope of the invention. Therefore, without limiting myself in this respect, I claim:

1. In a gill-drawing frame, the combination of upper and lower pairs of traverse screws for distance between the axes of the two screws whereby to provide clearance for the radiallyextending arms of the cam on the adjacent screw throughout the entire width of the cam to insure effective support for the faller-bars at all times during their transfer.

2. In a gill-drawing frame, the combination of adjacent traverse screws for simultaneously traversing two opposed sets of faller-bars, cams at the ends of the screws for transferring the faller-bars, said cams at the ends of the screws being positioned in the same plane and having radially-extending arms terminating in lobes of a width equal to or greater than the width of the ends of the faller-bars engaged thereby, and bolts for attaching the cams to the ends of the screws having heads of a maximum radial dimension less than the difference between the radial length of the arms of the cam on theopposite screw and the distance between the axes of the two screws whereby to provide clearance for the outer ends of the arms of the cams on adjacent screws.

3. In a gill-drawing frame, the combination of adjacent traverse screws for simultaneously traversing two opposed sets of faller-bars, each of said screws having an axial bore, a cam at the end of each screw having a recess in its outer side, and a bolt extending through the cam and the bore of the screw and having a head adapted to seat in the recess in the cam, said cam having radially-extending arms with lobes of a width at their outer ends equal to the width of the ends of the faller-bars, said cams at the ends of the adjacent screws being positioned in the same plane, and the head of each attaching bolt having a maximum radial dimension less than the difference between the radial length of the arms of the cam on the opposite screw and the distance between the axes of the two screws whereby to provide clearance for the ends of the arms of the cam on the adjacent screw.

4. In a gill-drawing frame, the combination of adjacent traverse screws for simultaneously traversing two opposed sets of faller-bars, each of said screws having an axial bore and a radial slot at its end, a cam at the end of each screw having recesses and laterally projecting radial ribs on its opposite sides, said cams on the adjacent traverse screws being positioned in the same plane, a bolt extending through the cam and axial bore of each screw and having a head adapted to seat in the recess in the cam and formed with radial slots, and means at the projecting end of the bolt for drawing it through the bore in the screw to engage the radial ribs on the cam with the slots in the end of the screw and. the head of the bolt, said cams having radially-extending arms with lobes of a width at their outer ends at least equal to the width of the end of the faller-bar engaged thereby, and the heads of the bolts adjacent the portions of the cams between the arms having a maximum radial dimension less than the difference between the length of the arms of the cam on the opposite screw and the distance between the axes of the two screws whereby to provide clearance for the ends of the arms of the cam on theadjacent screw.

5. A traverse screw for gill-drawing frames having an axial bore extending throughout its length and a slot at its end, a cam at the end of the screw having laterally projecting keys on opposite sides thereof, the edge face of the cam being of a width at least equal to the greatest width of the cam, a bolt extending through the cam and bore in the screw and having a head for engaging the cam with said head provided with slots, said keys at the opposite sides of the cam interlocking with the slots in the end of the screw and the head of the bolt, and means at the projecting end of the bolt for drawing it through the bore in the screw to clamp the cam between the end of the screw and the head of the bolt.

6. A gill-screw for gill-drawing frames having an axial bore extending throughout its length and a radial slot at its end, a cam at the end of the screw having radially-extending arms with lobes at their outer ends of a width at least equal to the greatest width of the cam, said cam having laterally projecting keys at its opposite sides, a bolt extending through the cam and bore in the screw and having a head for engaging the cam, said head provided with slots and said keys at the opposite sides of the cam interlocking with the slots at the end of the screw and in the head of the bolt, and means at the projecting end of the bolt for drawing it through the bore in the screw to clamp the cam between the end of the screw and-the head of the bolt.

WILLIE HOLDSWORTH. 

